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Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents

Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents
Significantly higher sensitivity and penetration can be obtained with Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents, which are prepared with subnanometer gold particles. Such particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting compounds and consequently the reagents behave more as if uncoupled. The smallest possible reagents should always be chosen for those applications where penetration can or should be fully exploited (in pre-embedding labeling, in hydrated specimens like cryosections and in labeling for light microscopy), or where maximum detection levels need to be achieved (low antigen levels). In conjunction with the highly efficient and easy-to-use R-Gent SE-LM and SE-EM silver enhancement reagents, the Ultra Small Immunogold conjugates are the best choice for any application.

Aurion Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents are prepared with subnanometer gold particles. These particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently the conjugates behave as though they are uncoupled. In conjunction with the highly efficient and easy-to-use R-Gent SE-LM and SE-EM silver enhancement reagents, the Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents are the best choice for any application.

Introduction

Reduction of the gold particle size provides Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents with fundamentally different characteristics when compared with conjugates built around larger particles. While the Conventional Immunogold Reagents can be thought of as particles coated with proteins, Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents are proteins coated with one or more gold particles. With this structure, both the overall size of the conjugates, as well as steric hindrance are decreased.

The table below lists a few physical characteristics of gold conjugates.

Gold Conjugate Physical Characteristics

Particle Diameter #Au atoms MWt. (daltons) #/ml #Ab/(particle)
0.8 nm 15 3·103 5·1015  0.1-1?
6.0 nm 6500 1.3·106 2.4·1013 1-2
10 nm 0·103 6·106 5·1012 7-12

 

Aurion offers Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents with an average gold particle diameter of 0.8 nm or less. These ultra small gold particles can be visualized directly in high angle annular dark-field-scanning TEM. However, the gold signal is normally visualized after increasing the particle diameter with silver enhancement. The reagents can be used in electron and light microscopy as well as in blotting experiments. The universal applicability makes it easy to compare results obtained with different procedures.

Product Description

AURION Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents contain 60-80 µg of specific protein/ml for IgG conjugates. F(ab')2, Fab and biotinylated albumin conjugates contain equimolar amounts of conjugated protein. The average gold cluster diameter is less than 0.8 nm.

AURION Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents are used in conjunction with AURION R-Gent SE-EM or SE-LM silver enhancement reagents, developed for electron microscopy and light microscopy/immunoblotting respectively.

The reagents are supplied in PBS with 1% Bovine Serum Albumin and 15 mM NaN3.

The activity of each lot is determined using a dot-spot test system as described by Moeremans et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 74, (1984), 353.

The products are available in two package sizes:

  • Regular package: for 1200 grids or 600 slides
  • Small package: for 480 grids or 240 slides.

Specificity

Aurion offers the widest range of Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents. The most commonly used reagent types are available as intact IgG, F(ab')2 and Single Fab conjugates. To view the complete list of available reagents click here.

AURION Ultra Small Immunogold Reagents are prepared using the highest quality antibodies or binding agents available. All antibodies are immuno affinity purified and immuno cross-adsorbed to reduce non-specific interactions.

Storage

AURION Immunogold Reagents have a guaranteed shelf life of 18 months from the date of quality control analysis.

The products should be stored at 4-8°C. Freezing is not recommended.

Technical Tip

Ultra Small ImmunoGold Application Instructions
Why Ultra Small Gold Conjugates

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Aurion Immunogold Ultra Small Reagents
 
Aurion_UltraSmall_Diagram_1.jpg
Small gold particles also have a tight particle surface curvature which makes it less likely that a structured water dipole layer will build-up around the gold particles. Hence, the hydrodynamic radius of the ultra small gold colloids is reduced. Also, small gold particles carry less net negative charge; thus, they undergo less charge determined repulsion when approaching the sample surface.
 
Aurion_UltraSmall_Micrograph_1.jpg
GFP-GnRH labeling in mouse nervous tissue Immuno Gold/Silver labeling with a mixture of anti-GnRH and anti-GFP using Aurion Ultra Small Gold labeled Fab2 goat-anti-rabbit and Aurion SE-EM silver enhancement. Axons were pre-embedding labeled using Aurion Blocking Solution (to match Goat conjugates) and BSA-c™. Courtesy of Rebecca Campbell and Alan Herbison, Dept. Physilogy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
 
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Starter Kits Ultra Small

To give you the opportunity to make yourself familiar with our Ultra-Small Gold Conjugates, we have our starter kit. These kits are sufficient for approximately 50 specimens.
Cat # Description Pack Price Quote Quantity
Cat #: 25550-10 Description: Starter Kits Ultra Small Pack: Kit Price: $163.00 Add to Quote:

Goat-anti-Rabbit IgG H&L Ultra Small

Prepared with subnanometer gold particles, these particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently behave as though they are uncoupled. Steric hindrance is decreased compared to conventional.
Storage Cat # Description MSDS Pack Price Quote Quantity
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25100 Description: EM Goat/Rabbit IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 1.5 mL Price: $429.50 Add to Quote:
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25101 Description: EM Goat/Rabbit IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 0.6 mL Price: $246.00 Add to Quote:

Goat-anti-Mouse IgG (H&L) Ultra Small

Prepared with subnanometer gold particles, these particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently behave as though they are uncoupled. Steric hindrance is decreased compared to conventional.
Storage Cat # Description MSDS Pack Price Quote Quantity
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25120 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 1.5 mL Price: $429.50 Add to Quote:
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25121 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 0.6 mL Price: $246.00 Add to Quote:

Goat-anti-Mouse IgM (µ-chain) Ultra Small

Prepared with subnanometer gold particles, these particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently behave as though they are uncoupled. Steric hindrance is decreased compared to conventional.
Storage Cat # Description MSDS Pack Price Quote Quantity
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25140 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgM, Ultra Small Pack: 1.5 mL Price: $445.00 Add to Quote:
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25141 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgM, Ultra Small Pack: 0.6 mL Price: $261.00 Add to Quote:

Goat-anti-Mouse IgG+IgM Ultra Small

Prepared with subnanometer gold particles, these particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently behave as though they are uncoupled. Steric hindrance is decreased compared to conventional.
Storage Cat # Description MSDS Pack Price Quote Quantity
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25160 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgG/IgM, Ultra Small Pack: 1.5 mL Price: $445.00 Add to Quote:
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25161 Description: EM Goat/Mouse IgG/IgM, Ultra Small Pack: 0.6 mL Price: $261.00 Add to Quote:

Goat-anti-Rat IgG (H&L) Ultra Small

Prepared with subnanometer gold particles, these particles have far less influence on the adsorbed antibodies or detecting molecules, and consequently behave as though they are uncoupled. Steric hindrance is decreased compared to conventional.
Storage Cat # Description MSDS Pack Price Quote Quantity
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25180 Description: EM Goat/Rat IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 1.5 mL Price: $445.00 Add to Quote:
Storage:4-8°C Cat #: 25181 Description: EM Goat/Rat IgG, Ultra Small Pack: 0.6 mL Price: $261.00 Add to Quote: